Transition of unaccompanied minors to adulthood: EMN Inform

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New EMN inform explores the situation of all unaccompanied minors reaching adulthood who are classified as unaccompanied minors in the Member States and Norway – including, to the extent possible, both those who do and do not apply for asylum. The transition to adulthood of a young person refers broadly to the process of them reaching adult age, thus transitioning … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:24 Nov 2022
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Safe Haven – The Needs of Refugee Children Arriving in Ireland through the Irish Refugee Protection Programme: An Exploratory Study

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Ireland has had a formal refugee resettlement scheme in operation since 2000 in association with the UNHCR, however the establishment of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP) has brought about a significant and rapid increase in Irish resettlement and relocation operations. There is growing recognition of the need for more planning and a clearer national policy to support this increase. … Read More

Author(s):Muireann Ní Raghallaigh, Karen Smith & Jennifer Scholtz
Publisher:Children's Rights Alliance
Publication Date:23 Sep 2019
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:https://www.childrensrights.ie/sites/default/files/Safe%20Haven%20Main%20Report.pdf
ISBN:978-1-9161457-1-9
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Approaches to Unaccompanied Minors Following Status Determination in Ireland


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In 2017, over 650,000 people lodged an application for international protection in the EU, 31,395 of whom were unaccompanied minors, constituting more than a 30 per cent increase since 2014. The number of unaccompanied minors recorded in Ireland is low compared to other EU Member States. However, consistent with EU and international trends, this number has increased since 2014. In … Read More

Author(s):Sarah Groarke and Samantha Arnold
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:04 Dec 2018
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:978-0-7070-0476-1
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Approaches to Unaccompanied Minors Following Status Determination in the EU plus Norway: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract Between 2014 and 2017, some 219,575 minors came to the EU plus Norway unaccompanied, i.e. without a parent or another adult responsible for them, to seek asylum. At the same time, at least another 48,591 minors came unaccompanied for other reasons, though the number of those outside the asylum system remains largely unknown. The study aims to explore the … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Aug 2018
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Unaccompanied minors in Ireland: Current Law, Policy and Practice

Abstract Ireland, as a country on the periphery of Europe, has not been significantly impacted by the current refugee crisis. The number of unaccompanied minors (UAM) arriving in Ireland is very low. Perhaps precisely because of this Ireland has had the opportunity to greatly improve its care provision for UAM. As such, it represents a particularly interesting case study regarding … Read More

Author(s):Samantha Arnold, Muireann Ní Raghallaigh
Publisher:Social Work and Society International Online Journal
Publication Date:01 Sep 2017
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:http://www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/496/1011
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The social care needs of unaccompanied minors: the Irish experience

Abstract This article examines forms of care which can be used by social workers to best respond to unaccompanied minors (UAMs) given their complex needs and particular vulnerability combined with their agency and resilience. The vulnerabilities and agency/resilience of UAMs are examined in the context of multiple borders (cultural, political and physical) being negotiated by these young people. While it … Read More

Author(s):Deirdre Horgan UCC & Muireann Ní Raghallaigh UCD
Publisher:Taylor and Francis Online
Publication Date:25 Jul 2017
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13691457.2017.1357018
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The social care needs of unaccompanied minors: The Irish experience

Abstract This article examines forms of care which can be used by social workers to best respond to unaccompanied minors (UAMs) given their complex needs and particular vulnerability combined with their agency and resilience. The vulnerabilities and agency/resilience of UAMs are examined in the context of multiple borders (cultural, political and physical) being negotiated by these young people. While it … Read More

Author(s):Deirdre Horgan, Muireann Ní Raghallaigh
Publisher:Taylor and Francis online
Publication Date:25 Jul 2017
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13691457.2017.1357018
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SUMMIT Report: Best practices and key challenges on interagency cooperation to safeguard unaccompanied children from going missing


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This report was published in February 2016. It was an output of the SUMMIT Project, co-funded by the EU Pilot Project “Analysis of reception, protection and integration policies for unaccompanied minors in the EU”. The overall aim of this project was to identify good practices and key challenges in inter-agency cooperation in the prevention of, and response to, vulnerable separated … Read More

Author(s):Dr. Karen Shalev Greene
Publisher:Missing Children Europe
Publication Date:01 Feb 2016
Geographic Focus:Belgium, Greece, Italy, Ireland, Spain, UK
ISBN:null
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Durable Solutions for Separated Children in Europe Report & Toolkit


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Abstract A study on durable solutions for separated children was undertaken by nine organisations based in Belgium, Cyprus, England, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Malta, The Netherlands and Slovakia. The purpose of this study was to identify and recommend best practice in determining and implementing durable solutions for separated children in Europe. It was funded by the European Commission’s Pilot Projects on … Read More

Author(s):Samantha Arnold et al
Publisher:Irish Refugee Council
Publication Date:08 Jan 2016
Geographic Focus:Belgium, Cyprus, England, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Malta, The Netherlands, Slovakia
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Durable Solutions for Separated Children in Europe, National Report: Ireland


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Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify and recommend best practice in determining and implementing durable solutions for separated children in Ireland. This report was published as part of the Durable Solutions for Separated Children in Europe project. Included in the final synthesis report is a toolkit to aid service providers working with separated children in the process … Read More

Author(s):Samantha Arnold, Muireann Ní Raghallaigh, Morgane Conaty, Eilís O’Keeffe and Nancy Roe
Publisher:Irish Refugee Council
Publication Date:08 Jan 2016
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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The International Protection Act 2015 and Age Assessment

This article looks at age assessment in Ireland under the current Refugee Act 1996 and current practice and also looks at the legal developments surrounding age assessments as contained within the International Protection Act 2015 (the 2015 Act). Source: Irish Law Times , Vol. 34 , No. 7, 2016 , pp. 94-98

Author(s):Samantha Arnold & Diego Castillo Goncalves
Publisher:Irish Law Times
Publication Date:01 Jan 2016
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:http://www.roundhall.ie
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Transcending borders: Social support and resilience, the case of separated children

Abstract: The specific support needs of separated children are widely documented, with the additional risks and care concerns making this a particularly complex and vulnerable group. More recently, researchers have also turned their attention to the strength and resilience evident within this group. This paper presents a summary of the findings from a small-scale qualitative study undertaken to better understand … Read More

Author(s):Smyth, Shannon and Dolan
Publisher:Taylor & Francis Online
Publication Date:24 Sep 2015
URL:http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21931674.2015.1074430
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Policies, practices and data on unaccompanied minors in the EU Member States and Norway: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract The study aims to update the findings of the 2008-2009 EMN study Policies on reception, return and integration arrangements for,and numbers of, unaccompanied minors and to provide up-to-date information and comparable data on the numbers and state of protection of unaccompanied minors (UAMs) arriving in Europe. The study has a special focus on the following issues The study[1] aims … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:28 May 2015
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Policies, practices and data on unaccompanied minors in the EU Member States and Norway: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform summarises the findings from the 2015 EMN Synthesis Report Policies, practices and data on unaccompanied minors. Key points to note: Unaccompanied minors (UAMs), for the purpose of this Study, are children (as defined by the UN CRC) from third countries, who arrive on the territory of an EU Member State unaccompanied by an adult responsible for them, … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:28 May 2015
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Policies and Practices on Unaccompanied Minors in Ireland


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Abstract This study is a broad-ranging exploration of the policies and practices in place for unaccompanied minors in Ireland. Unaccompanied minors and separated children, broadly defined as children below the age of eighteen, who are not in the care of/accompanied by a responsible adult, form a particularly vulnerable migrant group. While at EU-level there are indications that the number of … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn, Corona Joyce, Egle Gusciute
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:25 Nov 2014
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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The Role of the Guardian in Determining the Best Interest of the Separated Child Seeking Asylum in Europe: A Comparative Analysis of Systems of Guardianship in Belgium, Ireland and the Netherlands

Abstract Separated children seeking asylum in Europe have the right to a representative, typically in the form of a guardian, and the right to have their best interests taken into account. These rights are articulated in the Council Directives and Regulations regulating the Common European Asylum System. The original language used around the time of developing the Common European Asylum … Read More

Author(s):Samantha Arnold, Martine Goeman and Katja Fournier
Publisher:Brill
Publication Date:22 Nov 2014
Geographic Focus:null
URL:http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/15718166-12342066
ISBN:1388-364X
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The negotiation of culture in foster care placements for separated refugee and asylum seeking young people in Ireland and England

Abstract Little is known about separated asylum seeking young people in foster care. This article addresses this gap by drawing together findings from qualitative research conducted with separated refugee and asylum seeking young people in two studies – one in England and one in Ireland. Focusing on the role of culture, the authors examine similar findings from the two studies … Read More

Author(s):Muireann Ní Raghallaigh and Ala Sirriyeh
Publisher:SAGE Publications
Publication Date:13 Feb 2014
URL:http://chd.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/02/12/0907568213519137.abstract
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The Causes of Mistrust amongst Asylum Seekers and Refugees: Insights from Research with Unaccompanied Asylum-Seeking Minors Living in the Republic of Ireland

Abstract This article explores the concept of mistrust amongst refugee populations by drawing on qualitative interviews with unaccompanied asylum-seeking minors living in the Republic of Ireland. The forced migration literature frequently makes reference to the difficulties that asylum seekers and refugees have in creating trusting relationships. However, little is known about the reasons for these difficulties, particularly reasons articulated by … Read More

Author(s):Muireann Ní Raghallaigh
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Publication Date:19 Jun 2013
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:http://jrs.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/06/19/jrs.fet006.abstract
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Foster Care and Supported Lodgings for Separated Asylum Seeking Young People in Ireland: The views of young people,carers and stakeholders


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Services for separated young people in Ireland developed in a reactionary manner in the late 1990s, resulting in inadequate care arrangements that were not on a par with those provided to Irish young people in the care of the state. However, in recent years the system of care for separated young people has changed fundamentally, with most of the young … Read More

Author(s):Dr Muireann Ní Raghallaigh, UCD
Publisher:Barnardos and the Health Service Executive
Publication Date:03 Apr 2013
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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Closing a Protection Gap


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This report was written with two goals in mind. Firstly, it is meant to be a tool for service providers of separated children. Its purpose is to be a review of the experiences of service providers in the area for new service providers to use as a reference. Secondly, it is meant to be a critique on the system and … Read More

Author(s):Samantha Arnold and Louise Sarsfield Collins, Irish Refugee Council
Publisher:Irish Refugee Council
Publication Date:31 Dec 2011
Reference Period:01 Jan 2010 to 31 Dec 2011
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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