Responses to long term irregularly staying migrants- practices and challenges in the EU and Norway: EMN Synthesis Report

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Third-country nationals who no longer or who have never fulfilled the conditions of stay are denied a residence permit, while those whose return decision has not been or cannot be enforced may face long-term situations of illegal stay and legal uncertainty, including often deplorable living conditions. The actions of national governments and local authorities (municipalities, regions) may be contradictory. Central … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:30 Jul 2021
Geographic Focus:EU and Norway
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Labour Market Integration of Third-Country Nationals in EU Member States: EMN Synthesis Report


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The study aims to provide an overview of existing labour market integration policies in Member States targeting third-country nationals. It focusses on current policies and those either recently implemented (as of 2014) or amended since 2014. It offers examples of promising labour market integration measures implemented by the public sector as well as tailored employment-related initiatives provided by the private … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:12 Feb 2019
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Illegal employment of third-country nationals in the European Union: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract This Synthesis Report [1] presents the main findings of the EMN Focussed Study on Illegal employment of third-country nationals in the European Union. The Study aims to map national policies and practices to prevent, identify and sanction illegal employment in the Member States. The Study provides a brief overview of the contextual situation regarding illegal employment in Member States … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:23 Aug 2017
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Illegal employment of third-country nationals in the European Union: EMN Inform


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This Inform presents a brief overview of the EMN Synthesis Report on Illegal employment of third-country nationals in the European Union. Key points to note: Illegal employment of third-country nationals (TCNs) is a source of concern in the EU for economic, migration-related and social and fundamental rights reasons. Due to its covert nature, illegal employment is a ‘hidden’ phenomenon linked … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:23 Aug 2017
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Changes in immigration status and purpose of stay: an overview of EU Member States’ approaches: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform summarises the findings from the EMN Study on The Changes in immigration status and purpose of stay: an overview of EU Member States’ approaches and is based on contributions from EMN National Contact Points in 24 Member States[1]. Key points to note: All Member States have at least some legal possibilities to allow for changes to migration … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:03 Aug 2016
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Changes in immigration status and purpose of stay: an overview of EU Member States’ approaches: EMN Synthesis Report

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Abstract This study[1] provides an overview and analysis of the different legal frameworks, procedures and practices in place in the Member States to enable third-country nationals to change migration status, as well as the conditions associated with such changes. It also looks at existing obstacles and good practices. The number and type of migration statuses differs between the Member States. … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:03 Aug 2016
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Practical Measurse to Reduce Irregular Migration: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract This study is intended to provide an overview of existing approaches, mechanisms and measures to reduce irregular migration in the EU and Norway. In particular, its aim is to inform policymakers and practitioners about the practical measures that have proved effective in addressing the issue of irregular migration and to contextualise national policies and practices within the overall EU … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:30 Oct 2012
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Practical Measures for Reducing Irregular Migration: Ireland


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Abstract This study investigates practical measures for reducing irregular migration in Ireland. Irish policy towards irregular migration is influenced by the State’s geographical position, at the north-western periphery of Europe, by the Common Travel Area (CTA) shared with the UK the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey and by the fact that the State is an island with one land … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn and Gillian Kingston
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:30 Mar 2012
Reference Period:01 Jan 2008 to 30 Mar 2020
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:978 0 7070 0329 0
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Defining Trafficking/Denying Justice? Forced Labour in Ireland and the Consequences of Trafficking Discourse

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In 2008 Ireland enacted legislation to define and prosecute human trafficking. The overriding emphasis of the Human Trafficking (Criminal Law) Act is on trafficking as a crime against the state, with provisions to protect victims only vaguely articulated in a separate piece of legislation. The Irish approach thus remains far removed from the victim-centred human-rights-based approach advocated by local lobbyists … Read More

Author(s):Deirdre Coghlan and Gillian Wylie
Publisher:Taylor & Francis Online
Publication Date:04 Nov 2011
Geographic Focus:Ireland
URL:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2011.623625
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Where do I go from here? The leading factors in voluntary return or remaining in Ireland

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This 12 month research report explores the key determining factors for migrants in taking the decision to stay in Ireland or to return to their country of origin. These include the Irish migration control system; security; political instability; economic opportunity and family life.

Author(s):Dr. Liam Coakley
Publisher:IOM Ireland
Publication Date:01 Jul 2011
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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Organisation of Asylum and Migration Policies in the EU Member States: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract This study provides an overview of the organisation of asylum and migration policies in the EU Member States. This includes inter alia the institutional context, the Ministries involved, basic laws and regulations and other organisations dealing with immigrants. The study concerns only the organisation of asylum and migration policies related to third country nationals from outside the EU. The … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate-General Justice, Freedom and Security
Publication Date:01 Aug 2010
Reference Period:01 Jan 2020 to 31 Dec 2008
Geographic Focus:European Union
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Programmes and Strategies in Ireland Fostering Assisted Return to and Reintegration in Third Countries

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Abstract This European Migration Network (EMN) study aims to share knowledge on assisted return across EU Member States and to assist with the development of related policy and programmes. The focus of the Irish report is on the assisted voluntary return of non-EU nationals although some comparative information will also be included on forced return and on an assisted return … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:01 Feb 2010
Reference Period:01 Jan 2007 to 31 Dec 2009
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:97807002941
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Invisible Pathways – how the Irish immigration system can contribute to people becoming undocumented


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The report examines the main processes of the immigration system that people may go through or may be required to go through. It does not consider the asylum system. Specifically, the report draws attention to issues with the system that can contribute to people becoming undocumented. Such issues may only contribute in a small way to someone becoming undocumented or … Read More

Author(s):Crosscare Migrant Project
Publisher:Crosscare Migrant Project
Publication Date:01 Feb 2009
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:978 1 906485 10 8
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Return Migration: EMN Synthesis Report


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This EMN synthesis report summarises and compares, within a European perspective, the findings from eleven National Contact Points (Austria, Belgium, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Sweden, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom) of the European Migration Network (EMN), on the policy and practice of return migration. The main objectives of this study, in the context of its objective to … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Justice, Freedom and Security
Publication Date:01 May 2007
Geographic Focus:European Union
ISBN:9789279077920
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Return Migration: The Irish Case

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Abstract  This report was formerly titled “Return Migration from Ireland”. This study presents available information on return migration from Ireland. A range of return types are discussed. Forced returns include deportations, removals and Dublin II transfers of non-EU nationals. The report also includes information on returns of non-EU nationals that are administratively “assisted” by the Department of Justice, Equality and … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:26 Feb 2007
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:0707002567
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Illegally Resident Third Country Nationals in EU Member States: state approaches toward them, their profile and social situation: EMN Synthesis Report


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This EMN synthesis report dealt with illegally resident third country nationals in the European Union Member States representing the situation in 2005. The report summarizes and compares findings from reports produced by nine National Contact Points (EMN NCPs) including Austria, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. While the degree of prevention and control of … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate-General Justice, Freedom and Security, European Commission
Publication Date:01 Jan 2007
Geographic Focus:European Union
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