The Return of Rejected Asylum Seekers: Challenges and Good Practices: EMN Synthesis Report

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Abstract The return of irregular migrants, including rejected applicants for international protection whose application has been rejected and who no longer have the right to stay in the EU is the backbone of the EU’s policy on migration and asylum. An effective return policy is of crucial importance for the maintenance of trust in the EU’s asylum system as a … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:07 Nov 2016
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Strategies Used to Support Return Policy in Ireland: National Policy and Practice on Entry Bans and Ireland’s use of Readmission Agreements

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This study discusses entry bans and readmission agreements, as elements of the forced return procedures applied to non-EU nationals without legal permission to reside in Ireland. Available data are supplied.  A similar study has been produced in 22 other EU Member States, plus Norway. The national reports inform an EU-wide synthesis report, which facilitates an overview of the practical application … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn and Egle Gusciute
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:17 Jul 2015
Geographic Focus:Ireland
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Practical approaches and good practices in return and reintegration to Afghanistan and Pakistan: EMN Inform


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Afghanistan and Pakistan are amongst the top 5 countries of origin of third-country nationals (TCNs) subject to a return decision[1]. In 2013, around 14,700 Afghans and 26,000 Pakistan nationals were issued with a return decision, representing respectively 3.7% and 5.8% of the total number of migrants ordered to leave the EU territory. Key points to note: In 2013, 3,500 Afghan … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Feb 2015
Geographic Focus:European Union and Norway; Afghanistan; Pakistan
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Challenges and good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants to Western Africa: EMN Inform


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The aims of this EMN Inform are to consider the impact of assisted voluntary return (AVR) and reintegration programmes on return and reintegration to countries in Western Africa; to describe how Member States adjust their programmes to support return to this region; and to identify challenges and good practices in return/reintegration to Western Africa. Key points to note: Political unrest, … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Migration and Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Feb 2015
Geographic Focus:European and Western Africa
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Good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants: Member States’ entry bans policy and use of readmission agreements between Member States and third countries: EMN Synthesis Report

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Abstract This study presents an analysis of Member States’ use of entry bans and readmission agreements with a specific focus on their practical application and effectiveness, whilst also identifying good practices in their use, including possible synergies, in the implementation of return and reintegration measures. The majority of Member States automatically impose entry bans, in line with Art. 11 (1) … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Dec 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe and Nowary
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Good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants: Member States’ entry bans policy and use of readmission agreements between Member States and third countries: EMN Inform

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This EMN Inform summarises the main findings of the EMN Main Study on Good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants: Member States’ entry bans policy & use of readmission agreements between Member States and third countries. Key points to note include: The Return Directive has resulted in an increased harmonised legal framework on entry bans at national … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Dec 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants: Member States’ entry bans policy & use of readmission agreements between Member States and third countries: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform summarises the main findings of the EMN Synthesis report on Good practices in the return and reintegration of irregular migrants: Member States’ entry bans policy & use of readmission agreements between Member States and third countries. Key points to note: The Return Directive has resulted in an increased harmonised legal framework on entry bans at national level. … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:09 Dec 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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The use of detention and alternatives to detention in the context of immigration policies: EMN Synthesis Report


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Abstract This study aims to identify similarities, differences and best practices with regard to the use of detention and alternatives to detention in the context of Member States’ immigration policies. Special attention is given to detention and/or alternatives to detention in respect of vulnerable persons such as minors, families with children, pregnant women and persons with special needs. The study … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:04 Nov 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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The use of detention and alternatives to detention in the context of immigration policies: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform summarises the main findings of the EMN Focussed Study on “The use of detention and alternatives to detention on the context of immigration policies”. More specifically it summarises: information on the scale of detention and alternatives to detention in each Member State by collecting statistics available on the number of third-country nationals (by category) that are subject … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:04 Nov 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Identifying Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in Asylum and Forced Return Procedures: Ireland

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Abstract The aim of this report is to explore the interaction between procedures for asylum, procedures for forced return and procedures for victims of human trafficking. Ireland’s legal and institutional framework for action against human trafficking has progressed significantly in recent years. However two broad issues remain regarding the identification of these victims. Firstly, in the wider identification context, no … Read More

Author(s):Corona Joyce and Emma Quinn
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:01 May 2014
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:978 0 7070 0364 1
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Identification of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in International Protection and Forced Return Procedures: EMN Synthesis Report

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Abstract This Synthesis Report presents the main findings the EMN Focussed Study on “Identification of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in International Protection and Forced Return Procedures”. The aim of the Study was to examine whether, and how, potential victims of trafficking in human beings are detected and identified in these procedures in (Member) State. The study concerned both … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:13 Mar 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Identification of victims of trafficking in human beings in international protection and forced return procedures: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform summarises the main findings of the EMN Focussed Study on Identification of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in International Protection and Forced Return Procedures. The aim of the Study was to examine whether, and how, potential victims of trafficking in human beings are detected and identified in these procedures in (Member) State. The inform proivdes an … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:13 Mar 2014
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Recent findings on Return: EMN Inform


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This EMN Inform provides an overview of current aspects of return principally in EU Schengen Member States and Norway including statistics. Whilst the United Kingdom and Ireland are not Schengen Member States, where relevant, information has been included from these countries in order to provide a more comprehensive overview of the EU Member States. Information has been drawn from EMN … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:05 Dec 2013
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Establishing Identity for International Protection: Challenges and Practices: EMN Synthesis Report

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Abstract The overall purpose of this study was to provide an overview of challenges facing national authorities in their efforts to establish the identity of applicants for international protection and for the return of rejected applicants, often in the absence of (valid) documentation. It also presents an overview and analysis of national practices and identifies several best practices plus sheds … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:20 Feb 2013
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Programmes and Strategies in the EU Member States Fostering Assisted Return to and Reintegration in Third Countries: EMN Synthesis Report


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The purpose of this study is to map the different forms of Assisted Return that are in place in the EU Member States, thereby facilitating a comparative analysis and providing a basis to support any further policy development at national and EU level that might be undertaken. It does this by outlining inter alia the various approaches of Assisted Return … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate General for Home Affairs, European Commission
Publication Date:23 Mar 2011
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Annual Policy Report 2008: EMN Synthesis Report

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The report provides an overall insight into the most significant political and legislative (including EU) developments, as well as enforcement public debates, in the area of asylum and migration, with the focus on third-country nationals rather than EU nationals in the participating Member States for the period 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2008. This EMN Synthesis Report summarises the … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:European Commission
Publication Date:16 Mar 2011
Reference Period:01 Jan 2008 to 31 Dec 2008
Geographic Focus:Europe
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Return Migration: The Irish Case

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Abstract  This report was formerly titled “Return Migration from Ireland”. This study presents available information on return migration from Ireland. A range of return types are discussed. Forced returns include deportations, removals and Dublin II transfers of non-EU nationals. The report also includes information on returns of non-EU nationals that are administratively “assisted” by the Department of Justice, Equality and … Read More

Author(s):Emma Quinn
Publisher:Economic and Social Research Institute
Publication Date:26 Feb 2007
Geographic Focus:Ireland
ISBN:0707002567
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Illegally Resident Third Country Nationals in EU Member States: state approaches toward them, their profile and social situation: EMN Synthesis Report


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This EMN synthesis report dealt with illegally resident third country nationals in the European Union Member States representing the situation in 2005. The report summarizes and compares findings from reports produced by nine National Contact Points (EMN NCPs) including Austria, Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. While the degree of prevention and control of … Read More

Author(s):European Migration Network
Publisher:Directorate-General Justice, Freedom and Security, European Commission
Publication Date:01 Jan 2007
Geographic Focus:European Union
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