In 2020, the New Pact on Migration and Asylum emphasised the importance of creating new legal pathways in the context of labour migration, skills matching and addressing labour shortages.[1] In this context, and in view of unprecedented demographic changes, technological development and the growing mobility of workers, Skills Mobility Partnerships (SMPs) with third countries are being considered as part of the solution to skills shortages in the EU. This joint EMN-OECD inform presents experiences of implementing SMPs and similar initiatives in the EU and globally.
Several EMN Member States[2] reported on relevant initiatives with some features of SMPs, for instance development cooperation projects involving the development of skills, multi-stakeholder involvement, training, and mobility. Non-EU examples presented in the inform include, for example, the Australia Pacific Technical College, comprising training centres in five different Pacific nations to offer professional training for vocational careers throughout the region, providing qualifications to allow graduates to qualify for labour migration programmes in Australia; as well as the Korean Employment Permit System for temporary non-professional employment, based on bilateral relations with 16 partner countries.
SMPs are being regarded as a valuable policy tool for skills development and labour mobility. Such a policy tool can help destination countries to meet labour market needs and improve migrant’s career prospects whilst also contributing to countries of origins’ development. Additionally, SMPs come with their own challenges. The IOM has enlisted eight essential prerequisites for the success of SMPs, namely long- and mid-term planning; multi-stakeholder approach and policy coherence; availability of data for evidence-based policy; local development and job creation; skills classification and recognition at national level and beyond; possibility to address the social aspects of employment and mobility; incorporation of migration considerations; and cost reduction and sharing[3].
For more information, see:
Skills Mobility Partnerships- Exploring Innovative Approaches to Labour Migration: EMN Inform
[1] Communication on a New Pact on Migration and Asylum, COM(2020) 609 final, https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/promoting-our-european-way-life/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en, last accessed on 28 June 2021.[2] The following EMN Member States provided responses to the Ad-hoc query 2021.44 “Skills mobility partnerships”: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden.
[3] International Organisation for Migration (IOM), Skills Mobility Partnerships, Available at: https://eea.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl666/files/documents/Skills-Mobility-Partnerships-Infosheet.pdf, last accessed 3 January 2022.
